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The Subway That Took a Generation: Why the Eglinton Crosstown’s Delays Were Even Worse Than You Think

  Toronto has a long history of transit projects that drag on, but the Eglinton Crosstown LRT has become the city’s defining example of how complicated, political, and painfully slow building transit can be. Most people think of the project as something that started in the early 2010s and simply ran over schedule. The truth is far messier—and stretches back decades. A Project With Roots in the 1990s Long before shovels hit the ground in 2011, the idea of rapid transit along Eglinton was already alive. In the mid‑1990s, the TTC began digging tunnels for what was then called the Eglinton West Subway . Construction actually started—tunnels were being carved out under the street—until the project was abruptly cancelled in 1995. The partially built tunnels were filled in, and the corridor sat untouched for years. That early false start meant that by the time the Crosstown was revived as part of the Transit City plan in 2007, planners weren’t starting fresh. They were restarting a dr...
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Long Lines Form and Frustration Grows as Cuba Runs Short of Cash

 

In Havana, Cuba, long queues outside banks and ATMs have become a common sight. People stand in line early in the day, hoping to withdraw Cuban pesos for routine transactions like buying food and other essentials. The shortage of cash has become a significant challenge for many Cubans, adding to the complexities of the country’s monetary system.

Several factors contribute to this cash shortage, all of which are linked to Cuba’s deep economic crisis—one of the worst in decades. Let’s explore the reasons behind this frustrating situation:

  1. Government Fiscal Deficit: Cuba’s growing fiscal deficit has strained the availability of cash. The government’s financial challenges have made it difficult to maintain sufficient liquidity in the banking system.

  2. Lack of High-Denomination Banknotes: The absence of banknotes with denominations greater than 1,000 Cuban pesos (approximately $3 in the parallel market) exacerbates the problem. Without larger denominations, routine transactions become cumbersome for citizens.

  3. Stubbornly High Inflation: Inflation rates in Cuba remain high, eroding the purchasing power of the local currency. As prices rise, people need more cash to cover their basic needs.

  4. Cash Hoarding by Entrepreneurs and Business Owners: Most of the available cash is held by entrepreneurs and small- to medium-sized business owners. These individuals often collect cash from commercial transactions but hesitate to return it to the banks. Their reasons vary—from distrust of local banks to the need to convert Cuban pesos into foreign currency.

  5. Import-Dependent Economy: Entrepreneurs and business owners in Cuba rely on imports for almost everything they sell. To pay for supplies needed to run their businesses, they often hold onto Cuban pesos, intending to exchange them for foreign currency on the informal market.

Converting Cuban pesos into other currencies presents yet another challenge due to the island’s highly fluctuating exchange rates. As Cubans continue to grapple with this cash shortage, frustrations mount, and the daily struggle to access their hard-earned money persists.

The situation in Cuba highlights the complexities of managing a monetary system during an economic crisis. 

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